Meerut Lok Sabha Election Result

Meerut is a parliamentary constituency in Uttar Pradesh. Election results of Meerut lok sabha seat is given below in a table that also lists all MPs from this seat. Click election year in the table, for more detailed result.

List of all MP from Meerut Lok Sabha Seat (Uttar Pradesh) Click on Year to View Detailed Result
Year	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
2019	Rajendra Agarwal	BJP	586184
2014	Rajendra Agarwal	BJP	532981
2009	Rajendra Agarwal	BJP	232137
2004	Mohd Shahid	BSP	252518
1999	Avtar Singh Bhadana	INC	258456
1998	Amar Pal Singh	BJP	319168
1996	Amar Pal Singh	BJP	310732
1989	Harish Pal	JD	312856
1984	Mohsina Kidwai	INC	238236
1980	Mohsina Kidwai	INC(I)	179004
1977	Kailash Prakash	BLD	253035
1971	Shah Nawaz Khan	INC	180181

2019 Parliamentary Constituency Election
S N	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Rajendra Agarwal Male 68 yr GEN	BJP Bharatiya Janata Party lotus	586184 48.17%
2	Haji Mohammad Yaqoob Male 60 yr GEN	BSP Bahujan Samaj Party elephant	581455 47.78%
3	Harendra Agarwal Male 68 yr GEN	INC Indian National Congress hand	34479 2.83%
4	Nota	NOTA None Of The Above	6316 0.52%
5	Sahansar Pal Singh Male 62 yr ST	IND Independent apple	2215 0.18%
6	Shravan Kumar Agarwal Male 65 yr GEN	IND Independent almirah	1025 0.08%
7	Rajesh Giri Male 60 yr GEN	SABHP Sarvodaya Bharat Party camera	978 0.08%
8	Arti Agarwal Female 39 yr GEN	SHS Shivsena bow & arrow	957 0.08%
9	Nasir Ali Khan Male 46 yr GEN	PSPL Pragatishil Samajwadi Party (lohia) key	921 0.08%
10	Afzal Male 48 yr GEN	BAHUMP Bahujan Maha Party whistle	882 0.07%
11	Kiran R C Jatav Female 32 yr SC	KARASP Kartavya Rashtriya Party mike	512 0.04%
12	Dharmendra Male 38 yr SC	BaJD Bhartiya Janta Dal air conditioner	489 0.04%
	Total		1216413 64.26%

In 2019, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 1892931 electors. Total number of valid vote was 1216413. Bharatiya Janata Party candidate Rajendra Agarwal won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 586184 votes. Bahujan Samaj Party candidate Haji Mohammad Yaqoob stood second with total 581455 votes. He lost by 4729 votes.

2014 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Rajendra Agarwal Male 64 yr GEN	BJP Bharatiya Janata Party lotus	532981 30.21%
2	Mohd Shahid Akhlak Male 45 yr GEN	BSP Bahujan Samaj Party elephant	300655 17.04%
3	Shahid Manzoor Male 59 yr GEN	SP Samajwadi Party bicycle	211759 12%
4	Nagma Female 43 yr GEN	INC Indian National Congress hand	42911 2.43%
5	Dr (ex Maj) Himanshu Singh Male 42 yr GEN	AAAP Aam Aadmi Party broom	11793 0.67%
6	None Of The Above	NOTA None Of The Above nota	5213 0.3%
7	Sunil Dutt Male 38 yr SC	IND Independent battery torch	1734 0.1%
8	Mukesh Kumar Male 40 yr SC	IND Independent brush	1542 0.09%
9	Mohd Usman Ghazi Male 30 yr GEN	RsAD Rashtriya Apna Dal walking stick	1451 0.08%
10	Mohd Sajid Saifi Male 44 yr GEN	BMUP Bahujan Mukti Party cot	1063 0.06%
11	Atul Khodawal Male 26 yr SC	IND Independent cup & saucer	818 0.05%
12	Iqra Choudhary Female 35 yr GEN	IND Independent bottle	734 0.04%
13	Aphajal Male 43 yr GEN	IND Independent bat	382 0.02%
14	Anil Male 40 yr GEN	IND Independent dao	348 0.02%
	Total		1113384 63.11%

In 2014, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 1764388 electors. Total number of valid vote was 1113384. Bharatiya Janata Party candidate Rajendra Agarwal won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 532981 votes. Bahujan Samaj Party candidate Mohd Shahid Akhlak stood second with total 300655 votes. He lost by 232326 votes.

2009 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Rajendra Agarwal Male 57 yr GEN	BJP Bharatiya Janata Party	232137 15.39%
2	Malook Nagar Male 43 yr GEN	BSP Bahujan Samaj Party	184991 12.26%
3	Shahid Manzoor Male 54 yr GEN	SP Samajwadi Party	183527 12.16%
4	Rajendra Sharma Male 61 yr GEN	INC Indian National Congress	61003 4.04%
5	Mohd Shahid Akhlakh Male 40 yr GEN	IND Independent	34078 2.26%
6	Dara Singh Prajapati Male 39 yr GEN	IND Independent	5968 0.4%
7	Mughis Ahmad Gilani Male 53 yr GEN	CPI Communist Party Of India	3755 0.25%
8	Krishna Kumar Garg Male 59 yr GEN	IND Independent	2704 0.18%
9	Arun Kumar Jain Male 57 yr GEN	NCP Nationalist Congress Party	2505 0.17%
10	Janeshwar Prasad Sharma Male 60 yr GEN	RVNP Rashtravadi Janata Party	1887 0.13%
11	Khalid Khurshid Male 28 yr GEN	IND Independent	1450 0.1%
12	Ajay Agrawal Male 44 yr GEN	SJP(R) Samajwadi Janata Party (rashtriya)	1333 0.09%
13	Anil Kumar Subhash Male 48 yr GEN	IND Independent	1227 0.08%
14	Rajkumar Tyagi Male 38 yr GEN	ABHM Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha	1206 0.08%
15	Bharat Bhusan Agrawal Male 44 yr GEN	IND Independent	1116 0.07%
16	Shreepal Singh Male 35 yr SC	IND Independent	1044 0.07%
17	Zarar Ahmad Male 43 yr GEN	IND Independent	963 0.06%
18	Rajendra Singh Yadav Male 50 yr GEN	IND Independent	958 0.06%
19	Dr Surender Kumar Khatri Male 61 yr GEN	IND Independent	949 0.06%
20	Krishnapal Male 28 yr GEN	IND Independent	769 0.05%
21	Rajesh Kumar Male 42 yr SC	IJP Indian Justice Party	765 0.05%
22	Dr Hari Singh Azad Prajapati Male 65 yr GEN	ABLTP Akhil Bharatiya Loktantra Party	578 0.04%
23	Lohri Male 50 yr SC	IND Independent	494 0.03%
24	Sudhir Nandan Saran Kothiwal Male 62 yr GEN	IND Independent	466 0.03%
25	Tejveer Singh Male 67 yr GEN	RWS Rashtrawadi Sena	444 0.03%
26	Smt Santosh Ahluwalia Female 40 yr GEN	RDMP Rashtriya Dehat Morcha Party	399 0.03%
27	Capt Atul Tyagi Male 49 yr GEN	IND Independent	369 0.02%
28	Sanjeev Male 27 yr GEN	IND Independent	364 0.02%
29	Sunil Kumar Rana Male 30 yr SC	IND Independent	262 0.02%
	Total		727711 48.23%

In 2009, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 1508788 electors. Total number of valid vote was 727711. Bharatiya Janata Party candidate Rajendra Agarwal won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 232137 votes. Bahujan Samaj Party candidate Malook Nagar stood second with total 184991 votes. He lost by 47146 votes.

2004 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Mohd Shahid Male 34 yr GEN	BSP Bahujan Samaj Party	252518
2	Malook Nagar Male 39 yr GEN	RLD Rashtriya Lok Dal	183182
3	K C Tyagi Male 48 yr GEN	JD(U) Janata Dal (united)	167221
4	K K Sharma Male 50 yr GEN	INC Indian National Congress	65914
5	Anil Rastogi Male 44 yr GEN	SHS Shivsena	15058
6	Saleem Khan Male 40 yr GEN	IND Independent	4224
7	Pradeep Kumar Rastogi Male 39 yr GEN	IND Independent	2770
8	Tejveer Singh Male 60 yr GEN	IND Independent	1328
9	Sudhir Kumar Panwar (advocate) Male 38 yr GEN	RSBP Rashtriya Swabhimaan Party	1245
10	Sarita Sagar Female 40 yr SC	IND Independent	1239
11	Narendra Male 47 yr SC	IND Independent	885
12	Dr Hari Singh Azad Male 65 yr GEN	ABLTP Akhil Bharatiya Loktantra Party	754
13	Nahar Singh Male 41 yr GEN	IND Independent	655
14	Amit Kumar Jatav Male 30 yr SC	IND Independent	491
	Total		697484 0%

In 2004, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total electors. Total number of valid vote was 697484. Bahujan Samaj Party candidate Mohd Shahid won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 252518 votes. Rashtriya Lok Dal candidate Malook Nagar stood second with total 183182 votes. He lost by 69336 votes.

1999 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Avtar Singh Bhadana Male	INC Indian National Congress	258456 34.74%
2	Amar Pal Singh Male	BJP Bharatiya Janata Party	233620 31.4%
3	Hajji Yaqoob Male	BSP Bahujan Samaj Party	227133 30.53%
4	Jagveer Singh Male	SP Samajwadi Party	13050 1.75%
5	Naresh Male	IND Independent	2644 0.36%
6	Dhruv Narayan Male	LS Lok Shakti	1937 0.26%
7	Tarachand Male	IND Independent	1583 0.21%
8	Jaggan Singh Male	IND Independent	1494 0.2%
9	Dhoom Singh Male	IND Independent	1269 0.17%
10	Khilafat Male	AIRKC All India Rajiv Krantikari Congress	1097 0.15%
11	Bhanu Pratap Singh Male	IND Independent	460 0.06%
12	Mohd Asim Male	IND Independent	241 0.03%
13	Anand Kumar Male	IND Independent	188 0.03%
14	Sunil Kumar Male	SHS Shivsena	188 0.03%
15	Zile Singh Alias Zile Ram Male	AJBP Ajeya Bharat Party	156 0.02%
16	Haji Noor Elahi Male	IND Independent	146 0.02%
17	Rakesh Male	IND Independent	121 0.02%
18	Suresh Male	IND Independent	121 0.02%
19	Santosh Male	IND Independent	81 0.01%
20	Satish Male	IND Independent	79 0.01%
	Total		744064 59.57%

In 1999, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 1269454 electors. Total number of valid vote was 744064. Indian National Congress candidate Avtar Singh Bhadana won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 258456 votes. Bharatiya Janata Party candidate Amar Pal Singh stood second with total 233620 votes. He lost by 24836 votes.

1998 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Amar Pal Singh Male	BJP Bharatiya Janata Party	319168 42.22%
2	Jagveer Singh Male	SP Samajwadi Party	270363 35.77%
3	Arun Kumar Jain Male	BSP Bahujan Samaj Party	113581 15.03%
4	Mohisina Kidwai Female	INC Indian National Congress	39396 5.21%
5	Kulveer Male	IND Independent	4226 0.56%
6	Sukkhan Male	LSWP Loktantrik Samajwadi Party	3236 0.43%
7	Shaheen Parvez Female	JD Janata Dal	1438 0.19%
8	Pradeep Kumar Male	BRVP Bharatiya Vikash Party	1215 0.16%
9	Dr Hari Singh Azad Male	ABLTP Akhil Bharatiya Loktantra Party	609 0.08%
10	Rama Devi Female	ABGMKP Akhil Bharatiya Garib Mazdoor Kisan Party	535 0.07%
11	Ramesh Chand Male	AJBP Ajeya Bharat Party	466 0.06%
12	Tara Chand Male	IND Independent	449 0.06%
13	Jagveer Singh Gurjar Male	IND Independent	392 0.05%
14	Satish Male	IND Independent	327 0.04%
15	Sayed Vasi Ahmad Male	IND Independent	289 0.04%
16	Sangram Male	ABHM Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha	128 0.02%
17	Rajendra Male	IND Independent	111 0.01%
	Total		755929 60.36%

In 1998, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 1263086 electors. Total number of valid vote was 755929. Bharatiya Janata Party candidate Amar Pal Singh won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 319168 votes. Samajwadi Party candidate Jagveer Singh stood second with total 270363 votes. He lost by 48805 votes.

1996 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Amar Pal Singh Male	BJP Bharatiya Janata Party	310732 48.66%
2	Mohd Afzal Male	JD Janata Dal	142616 22.33%
3	Hazi Noor Ilahi Male	BSP Bahujan Samaj Party	104484 16.36%
4	Prabhu Dayal Male	INC Indian National Congress	66025 10.34%
5	Taslim Rizvi Female	IND Independent	2279 0.36%
6	Pakeeza Begum Female	IND Independent	1182 0.19%
7	Bhanwar Singh Male	SMP Satya Marg Party	918 0.14%
8	N U Ansari Male	AIIC(T) All India Indira Congress (tiwari)	832 0.13%
9	Yashpal Male	IND Independent	703 0.11%
10	Akil Hassan Male	IND Independent	637 0.1%
11	Ameer Ahmed Male	IND Independent	592 0.09%
12	Abdul Faheem Male	IND Independent	557 0.09%
13	Shafiq Male	IND Independent	497 0.08%
14	Amar Singh Male	IND Independent	453 0.07%
15	Zahid Malik Male	IND Independent	349 0.05%
16	Kaka Joginder Singh Alias Dharti Pakar Male	IND Independent	337 0.05%
17	Mayawati Female	IND Independent	302 0.05%
18	Padam Singh Male	IND Independent	298 0.05%
19	Mahfooz Male	IND Independent	296 0.05%
20	Raza Mohd Male	IND Independent	291 0.05%
21	Neeraj Male	IND Independent	270 0.04%
22	Sunil Kumar Male	IND Independent	233 0.04%
23	Satpal Male	IND Independent	214 0.03%
24	Madan Lal Male	IND Independent	210 0.03%
25	Babu Ram Male	IND Independent	196 0.03%
26	Bhupendra Male	IND Independent	196 0.03%
27	Brijpal Male	IND Independent	181 0.03%
28	Tilak Ram Male	IND Independent	172 0.03%
29	Beena Devi Female	IND Independent	162 0.03%
30	Zafar Male	IND Independent	162 0.03%
31	Abid Male	IND Independent	156 0.02%
32	Ramveer Male	IND Independent	155 0.02%
33	Patram Male	IND Independent	155 0.02%
34	Jagdish Male	IND Independent	150 0.02%
35	Airik Sembil Male	IND Independent	141 0.02%
36	Rajbeer Male	IND Independent	141 0.02%
37	Dhanpal Male	IND Independent	137 0.02%
38	Sazid Male	IND Independent	134 0.02%
39	Bhopal Male	IND Independent	124 0.02%
40	Hari Singh Azad Male	ABLTP Akhil Bhartiya Loktantra Party	117 0.02%
41	Ch Salamuddin Male	IND Independent	112 0.02%
42	Balak Ram Male	IND Independent	98 0.02%
43	Jugandai Anarya Female	IND Independent	90 0.01%
44	Daya Chand Male	IND Independent	87 0.01%
45	Jaiveera Alias Jaibeer Male	IND Independent	78 0.01%
46	Surindra Pal Male	ISC Indian Secular Congress	76 0.01%
47	Saway Singh Male	IND Independent	69 0.01%
48	Rajeev Male	IND Independent	57 0.01%
49	Sanjay Kumar Male	IND Independent	53 0.01%
50	Swami Varun Vesh Male	IND Independent	45 0.01%
51	Mohd Musharraf Mufti Male	IND Independent	34 0.01%
52	Irshad Ilahi Male	IND Independent	30 0%
	Total		638615 51.8%

In 1996, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 1247506 electors. Total number of valid vote was 638615. Bharatiya Janata Party candidate Amar Pal Singh won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 310732 votes. Janata Dal candidate Mohd Afzal stood second with total 142616 votes. He lost by 168116 votes.

1989 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Harish Pal Male	JD Janata Dal	312856 58.47%
2	Mohsina Kidwai Female	INC Indian National Congress	190815 35.66%
3	Sangh Pirya Gautam Male	BJP Bharatiya Janata Party	13105 2.45%
4	Gufran Male	IND Independent	6478 1.21%
5	Vinod Male	IND Independent	2550 0.48%
6	Nahida Malik Female	IND Independent	1729 0.32%
7	God Say Gopal Vinayak Male	HMS Akhil Bhartiya Hindu Mahasabha	1333 0.25%
8	Hari Singh Azad Male	LTP Akhil Bhartiya Lok Tantrik Party	1272 0.24%
9	Hem Chand Nimesh Male	IND Independent	1139 0.21%
10	Rakesh Kumar Male	DDP Doordarshi Party	993 0.19%
11	Jeet Singh Male	LKD (b) Lok Dal (bahuguna)	822 0.15%
12	Patram Singh Male	IND Independent	816 0.15%
13	Tasneem Ahmad Male	IND Independent	615 0.11%
14	Madan Prakash Male	IND Independent	358 0.07%
15	Birjeshwar Kumar Male	IND Independent	224 0.04%
	Total		535105 56.89%

In 1989, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 970079 electors. Total number of valid vote was 535105. Janata Dal candidate Harish Pal won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 312856 votes. Indian National Congress candidate Mohsina Kidwai stood second with total 190815 votes. She lost by 122041 votes.

1984 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Mohsina Kidwai Female	INC Indian National Congress	238236 50.36%
2	Manzoor Ahmad Male	LKD Lok Dal	141718 29.95%
3	Braham Pal Singh Male	BJP Bharatiya Janta Party	55718 11.78%
4	Ambika Soni Female	JNP Janata Party	13972 2.95%
5	Jai Prakash Kashyap Male	IND Independent	2193 0.46%
6	Ashok Kumar Male	IND Independent	1882 0.4%
7	Wahid Male	IND Independent	1810 0.38%
8	Richhpal Male	IND Independent	1525 0.32%
9	Pat Ram Male	IND Independent	1444 0.31%
10	Ram Pal Male	IND Independent	1237 0.26%
11	Tayyab Ali Male	IND Independent	1223 0.26%
12	Prem Chand Male	IND Independent	1200 0.25%
13	Mahesh Chand Male	IND Independent	1150 0.24%
14	Nahid Malik Female	IND Independent	1088 0.23%
15	Madan Prakash Male	IND Independent	1029 0.22%
16	Hari Singh Azad Male	IND Independent	750 0.16%
17	Sahab Singh Male	IND Independent	691 0.15%
18	Dharam Pal Male	IND Independent	671 0.14%
19	C P Sharma Male	IND Independent	646 0.14%
20	Bhagirath Male	IND Independent	638 0.13%
21	Satya Prakash Manglik Male	IND Independent	629 0.13%
22	Vishan Swaroop Turaha Male	IND Independent	489 0.1%
23	Ashwani Male	IND Independent	444 0.09%
24	Deep Chand Male	IND Independent	421 0.09%
25	Bijendra Male	IND Independent	419 0.09%
26	Bharat Lal Male	IND Independent	309 0.07%
27	Bijendra Singh Krantikari Male	IND Independent	308 0.07%
28	Jagdish Prakash Chaudhry Male	IND Independent	303 0.06%
29	Shujauddin Male	IND Independent	302 0.06%
30	Amit Kumar Vinod Male	IND Independent	228 0.05%
31	Rishi Raj Male	IND Independent	168 0.04%
32	Vijay Pal Singh Sagar Male	IND Independent	136 0.03%
33	Narendra Kumar Maheshwari Male	IND Independent	132 0.03%
	Total		473109 64.7%

In 1984, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 744181 electors. Total number of valid vote was 473109. Indian National Congress candidate Mohsina Kidwai won and became MP from this seat. She secured total 238236 votes. Lok Dal candidate Manzoor Ahmad stood second with total 141718 votes. He lost by 96518 votes.

1980 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Mohsina Kidwai Female	INC(I) Indian National Congress (i)	179004 42.15%
2	Harish Pal Male	JNP(S) Janta Party (secular)	121787 28.68%
3	Kailash Prakash Male	JNP Janta Party	101219 23.83%
4	Ratan Lal Male	IND Independents	4435 1.04%
5	Rajendra Male	IND Independents	4082 0.96%
6	Jagan Nath Chanyoti Male	IND Independents	3635 0.86%
7	Brij Nandan Gupta Male	IND Independents	2457 0.58%
8	Hari Singh Azad Male	IND Independents	1943 0.46%
9	Hafiz Shafiqur Rahman Male	INC(U) Indian National Congress (u)	1850 0.44%
10	Nirdosh Kumar Male	IND Independents	957 0.23%
11	Satya Prakash Manglik Male	FBL All India Forward Block	911 0.21%
12	Mamildar Singh Male	IND Independents	892 0.21%
13	Vishan Swaroop Turah Male	IND Independents	825 0.19%
14	Prahlad Singh Kashyap Male	IND Independents	710 0.17%
	Total		424707 62.29%

In 1980, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 693627 electors. Total number of valid vote was 424707. Indian National Congress (i) candidate Mohsina Kidwai won and became MP from this seat. She secured total 179004 votes. Janta Party (secular) candidate Harish Pal stood second with total 121787 votes. He lost by 57217 votes.

1977 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Kailash Prakash Male	BLD Bharatiya Lok Dal	253035 63.35%
2	Shahnawaz Khan Male	INC Indian National Congress	128303 32.12%
3	Ram Kumar Male	IND Independents	4807 1.2%
4	Acharya Deepankar Male	CPI Communist Party Of India	4451 1.11%
5	Prabhu Dayal Male	IND Independents	4195 1.05%
6	Satya Prakash Manglik Male	IND Independents	2508 0.63%
7	Hari Singh Azad Male	IND Independents	2122 0.53%
	Total		399421 67.86%

In 1977, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 595444 electors. Total number of valid vote was 399421. Bharatiya Lok Dal candidate Kailash Prakash won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 253035 votes. Indian National Congress candidate Shahnawaz Khan stood second with total 128303 votes. He lost by 124732 votes.

1971 Lok Sabha Election
Sr No	Candidate	Party	Total Vote
1	Shah Nawaz Khan Male	INC Indian National Congress	180181 51.02%
2	Hari Kishan Male	NCO Indian National Congress (organisation)	98382 27.86%
3	Shiamal Singh Male	BKD Bharatiya Kranti Dal	44770 12.68%
4	Basir Ahmad Khan Male	MUL Muslim League	7962 2.25%
5	Hari Singh Male	IND Independents	6642 1.88%
6	Vikram Singh Male	IND Independents	4177 1.18%
7	Satya Prakash Manglik Male	FBL Forward Block	3149 0.89%
8	Swami Shivacharya Male	IND Independents	2792 0.79%
9	Jagdish Male	IND Independents	1823 0.52%
10	Guru Dayal Male	SSP Samyukta Socialist Party	1645 0.47%
11	Anand Prakash Sharma Male	IND Independents	927 0.26%
12	Munshi Manphool Singh Male	RPK Republican Party Of India (khobragade)	734 0.21%
	Total		353184 66.78%

In 1971, Meerut parliamentary constituency had total 538341 electors. Total number of valid vote was 353184. Indian National Congress candidate Shah Nawaz Khan won and became MP from this seat. He secured total 180181 votes. Indian National Congress (organisation) candidate Hari Kishan stood second with total 98382 votes. He lost by 81799 votes.